Algorithmic Rule By Law: How Algorithmic Regulation in the Public Sector Erodes the Rule of Law

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Wednesday, 12th February 2025 @ 12:30pm

Abstract: Public authorities are increasingly turning to algorithmic regulation, or the use of algorithmic systems to apply and enforce the law. Their adoption of algorithmic regulation tends to be motivated by the desire to improve public services and to better fulfil citizens’ rights, thus seemingly contributing to the rule of law. However, in practice, many use cases have demonstrated how reliance on algorithmic systems can undermine the law’s protective power and instead lead to rule by law. This risk is hence neither hypothetical, nor limited to authoritarian regimes. In Europe, the creation of the European Union's AI Act offered a beacon of hope to address this concern, yet EU legislators ultimately failed to take it into account in their regulation. In this talk, Nathalie Smuha therefore argues that there is a significant misalignment between the EU's digital agenda and its rule of law agenda, which urgently needs to be addressed to counter the threat of algorithmic rule by law. 

 

 

About the presenter: Nathalie A. Smuha is a legal scholar and philosopher at the KU Leuven Faculty of Law, where she examines legal and ethical questions around digital technologies and their impact on human rights, democracy and the rule of law. She is also Adjunct Professor at NYU School of Law and formerly held visiting positions at the University of Chicago (2023) and the University of Birmingham (2021). Prior to her academic turn, she practiced law as a member of the Brussels and the New York Bar and worked at the European Commission (DG Connect), where she coordinated the High-Level Expert Group on AI and contributed to Europe’s AI strategy. She is the author of Algorithmic Rule By Law: How Algorithmic Regulation in the Public Sector Erodes the Rule of Law (Cambridge University Press, 2025) and the editor of The Cambridge Handbook of the Law, Ethics and Policy of Artificial Intelligence (forthcoming, 2025).